What is the purpose of a condenser in a refrigeration system?

The function of a condenser in a refrigeration system is to release heat from the refrigerant and convert it from a gaseous state to a liquid. As the refrigerant circulates through the system, it enters the condenser in a high-pressure gas form. Within the condenser, the refrigerant dissipates heat to the surrounding environment, typically through air or water cooling. This heat exchange causes the refrigerant's temperature to drop, leading to a phase change from gas to liquid.

This process is critical because it allows the refrigeration cycle to continue efficiently. Once the refrigerant is liquefied, it can then be sent into the expansion device, where the pressure and temperature decrease, allowing it to absorb heat in the evaporator and cool the indoor environment.

The effectiveness of the condenser in managing heat transfer directly affects the overall efficiency and performance of the refrigeration system.