What is the main purpose of thermal storage in HVAC systems?

The main purpose of thermal storage in HVAC systems is to store heat or cold during off-peak times for later use. This concept is based on the principle of energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. By utilizing thermal storage, HVAC systems can take advantage of lower energy rates during off-peak hours, such as at night when demand is lower. During these times, the system either produces excess chilled water for cooling or heats up a medium (like water or phase change materials) to capture heat for later use.

When the demand for heating or cooling rises during peak hours, the stored thermal energy can be used to moderate the indoor temperature without needing to run energy-intensive equipment, thus reducing operating costs and improving energy efficiency. This approach not only helps in managing energy consumption more effectively, but it also contributes to grid stability by reducing demand during peak periods.

Using thermal storage aligns well with sustainable engineering practices and can be integrated into various types of HVAC systems, promoting effective energy management strategies.