How do thermostats function in HVAC systems?

Thermostats play a crucial role in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems by monitoring the temperature within a space. Their primary function is to sense the current temperature and then signal the heating or cooling equipment to turn on or off in order to maintain a set temperature, known as the setpoint. This ensures that the indoor environment remains comfortable for occupants.

By continuously comparing the actual temperature to the desired setpoint, thermostats enable precise control of the HVAC system, leading to efficient energy use and consistent climate control. In this way, they act as a pivotal interface between the user-defined conditions and the operational response of the HVAC unit.

While some options reflect other functions related to air handling or comfort, they do not encapsulate the fundamental role of a thermostat, which is primarily to sense temperature and control the heating or cooling equipment. This central function is essential for maintaining an optimal indoor environment efficiently and economically.